Newport also recommends “deep scheduling” to combat constant interruptions and get more done in less time. “At any given point, I should have deep work scheduled for roughly the next month. Once on the calendar, I protect this time like I would a doctor’s appointment or important meeting,” he writes.
纽波特还建议“深调度”来对抗不断的打扰，这样就能事半功倍。他写道，“在任何时候，我都会制定延续到下个月左右的深度工作计划。一旦我将要预约就诊或是参加一个重要会议，我会在日历上留出这个时间。
Another approach to getting more done in less time is to rethink how you prioritise your day-in particular how we craft our to-do lists. Tim Harford, author of Messy: The Power of Disorder to Transform Our Lives, points to a study in the early 1980s that divided undergraduates into two groups: some were advised to set out monthly goals and study activities; others were told to plan activities and goals in much more detail, day by day.
为了能够达到事半功倍，另一种方法是重新考虑如何安排事件完成的先后次序，特别是列一个待办事项清单。蒂姆·哈福德是《混乱：混乱的力量改变了我们的生活》一书的作者。他指出，在上世纪80年代初的一项研究中，大学生被分为两组：一些大学生被建议设定每月的目标和研究活动；其他的学生则被告知计划更详细的每天的活动和目标。
There are a number of approaches to mastering the art of deep work — be it lengthy retreats dedicated to a specific task; developing a daily ritual; or taking a “journalistic” approach to seizing moments of deep work when you can throughout the day. Whichever approach, the key is to determine your length of focus time and stick to it.
掌握深度工作艺术的方法有很多种，有一种是专注于某一特定任务长时间静思；养成一种日常习惯；或是利用“一种纪实”的方法，抓住你在一天中深度工作的时刻。无论哪种方法，关键点就在于决定专注时间的长度并坚持下去。
To combat the trap of putting a premium on being busy, Cal Newport, author of Deep Work: Rules for Focused Success in a Distracted World, recommends building a habit of “deep work” — the ability to focus without distraction.
为了克服“忙碌”的陷阱，《深度工作：在分散注意力的世界专注成功的法则》的作者卡尔•纽波特建议建立一种“深度工作”的习惯，即集中注意力且不分心的能力。
Srini Pillay, an assistant professor of psychiatry at Harvard Medical School, believes this counterintuitive link between downtime and productivity may be due to the way our brains operate. When our brains switch between being focused and unfocused on a task, they tend to be more efficient.
哈佛医学院精神病学助理教授赛瑞尼。皮雷认为，在停工期和效率之间存在的这种反直觉的联系可能是由于我们的大脑运作方式。当我们的大脑在完成一项任务时，如果总是在聚焦和不聚焦之间切换时，效率往往更高。
While the researchers assumed that the well-structured daily plans would be most effective when it come to the execution of tasks, they were wrong: the detailed daily plans demotivated students. Harford argues that inevitable distractions often render the daily to-do list ineffective, while leaving room for improvisation in such a list can reap the best results.
研究者们曾经断定：良好的每日计划在完成任务时将会最高效，然而他们错了。详细的每日计划让学生们垂头丧气。哈福德认为，不可避免的干扰往往使每日待办事项列表形同虚设，而在这样的一个列表中留下即兴发挥的空间才能得到最好的结果。
In order to make the most of our focus and energy, we also need to embrace downtime, or as Newport suggests, “be lazy.”
为了充分地利用我们的注意力和精力。我们也需要休息，或者像纽波特建议的那样，“懒懒又何妨”。
“Idleness is not just a vacation, an indulgence or a vice; it is as indispensable to the brain as vitamin D is to the body…[idleness] is, paradoxically, necessary to getting any work done,” he argues.
“放空可不仅仅是人们认为的一个假期、一种放纵或一种恶习。他认为，就像作为维生素D对身体的作用一样，放空对于大脑来说也是必不可少的……看似矛盾，其实却是完成工作的必要条件。”
“What people don’t realise is that in order to complete these tasks they need to use both the focus and unfocus circuits in their brain,” says Pillay.
皮雷说，“人们没有意识到的是，为了完成这些任务，他们需要在大脑中开启聚焦和不聚焦循环模式。”
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