Do you believe that only boys do well in science? Does it seem to you that girls have better language skills than boys?
你认为只有男孩在科学方面表现好吗？你觉得女孩的语言能力比男孩更强吗？
In your opinion, are boys better at building things? If your answer to each of those questions is “Yes”, you are right, according to an article in Current Science.
在你看来，男孩更擅长动手搭建东西吗？根据《当代科学》杂志的一篇文章，如果你对以上每个问题的回答都是“是”，那么你是对的。
There are exceptions(例外), but here are the facts. Usually, boys score higher in tests about math, while girls do better in tests about words, spelling and memory.
当然也有例外，但事实如下：通常，男孩在数学测试中得分更高，而女孩在词汇、拼写和记忆类测试中表现更好。
But these differences may not always be true. In the future, a person’s abilities may not be decided by gender.
但这些差异并不总是成立。未来，一个人的能力可能不再由性别决定。
Jerome Kagan, a scientist at Harvard University, is studying the watching ability of 10-month-old children recently.
哈佛大学科学家杰罗姆·卡根最近正在研究10个月大婴儿的观察能力。
Baby boys and baby girls are watching a “show” while seated on their mothers’ laps.
男婴和女婴坐在母亲腿上观看一场“表演”。
In Act I of the show, an orange-colored ball is lifted from a blue box and moved slowly. Then it is returned to the box. This is repeated six times.
在第一幕中，一个橙色的球从蓝色盒子里被缓慢取出并移动，然后放回盒内，此过程重复六次。
Act II is almost the same with Act I, except that the orange ball is smaller.
第二幕与第一幕几乎相同，只是橙色球更小。
Baby boys do not seem to notice the difference in the size of the ball, but baby girls immediately become excited and begin to make noises.
男婴似乎没有注意到球大小的变化，而女婴则立刻变得兴奋并开始发出声音。
It’s also known that baby girls usually talk at an earlier age than baby boys do.
众所周知，女婴通常比男婴更早开始说话。
Scientists believe that the left side of the brain develops faster in girls than in boys.
科学家认为，女孩大脑左侧发育速度比男孩快。
As a result, by the time they start to school, little girls have an advantage that boys don’t have, but what have the boys been doing in the years before starting school?
因此，到入学时，小女孩拥有男孩所不具备的优势——但男孩在入学前的这些年里都在做什么呢？
They have been developing something called aggression.
他们一直在发展一种叫做“攻击性”的特质。
An aggressive person feels strong and independent. He is often the first one to start a fight.
具有攻击性的人感觉强大且独立，他往往是第一个挑起争斗的人。
It is said that aggression is caused by hormones(荷尔蒙). Scientists believe that hormones are not the only reason. They say aggression in boys is also caused by mothers.
据说攻击性是由荷尔蒙引起的。科学家认为荷尔蒙并非唯一原因，他们还指出男孩的攻击性也受母亲影响。
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