音乐赋能：运动员赛前听歌的科学奥秘

When watching sports events, we often notice athletes wearing earphones before the competition.
观看体育赛事时，我们常注意到运动员在比赛前戴着耳机。

They keep their eyes shut, and gently nod along the beats.
他们闭着眼睛，随着节拍轻轻点头。

It seems the music is giving them power and cheering them up for the competition.
似乎音乐正赋予他们力量，并为比赛鼓舞士气。

But is there any science behind such practices?
但这类做法背后是否有科学依据呢？

According to a new research, it turns out there is.
根据一项新研究，答案是有。

Music makes us feel powerful, but not all songs have the same effect.
音乐让我们感到充满力量，但并非所有歌曲都有相同效果。

The research was led by Dennis Hsu of the Kellogg School of Management at Northwestern University in the US.
该研究由美国西北大学凯洛格管理学院的Dennis Hsu领导。

His team had people listen to 31 songs of different types.
他的团队让参与者聆听31首不同类型的歌曲。

The listeners felt powerful after listening to some songs, for example Queen’s We Will Rock You and 2 Unlimited’s Get Ready for This.
听众在听完某些歌曲后感到充满力量，例如皇后乐队的《We Will Rock You》和2 Unlimited的《Get Ready for This》。

Researchers also found that high-power music made people want to take control in social events and come first in competition.
研究人员还发现，高能量音乐会让人想在社交场合中掌控局面，并在竞争中拔得头筹。

That matters a lot in sports. “It’s commonly said that sports are 90 percent mental(心理的) and only 10 percent physical(身体的),” The Huffington Post reported.
这在体育中至关重要。“人们常说，运动90%靠心理，仅10%靠身体”，《赫芬顿邮报》报道。

Great athletes know this idea well. NBA player Kobe Bryant, for example, often puts on big headphones and even falls into deep thought to boost his game and reduce his anxiety(焦虑).
顶尖运动员深知这一点。例如NBA球员科比·布莱恩特，常戴上大耳机，甚至陷入沉思以提升表现、缓解焦虑。

Why does music have magical power? Hsu’s team explained: when people hear music that expresses a sense of power, they mimic (模拟) these feelings in their mind.
为何音乐拥有神奇力量？Hsu的团队解释：当人们听到表达力量感的音乐时，会在心中模仿这些感受。

When choosing music, we also need to look at the type of music, according to researchers.
研究人员指出，选择音乐时还需考虑音乐类型。

In the research by the Music in Exercise and Sport Group at Brunel University in London, they found that pop was perfect for slower tasks.
伦敦布鲁内尔大学“运动与锻炼中的音乐”小组的研究发现，流行音乐非常适合节奏较慢的任务。

If you’re warming up or cooling down after exercises, pop songs are the correct choice.
如果你在热身或运动后放松，流行歌曲是正确选择。

Dance music was found to be best suitable for strength and weight training.
研究发现，舞曲最适合力量训练和负重训练。