These documents were declassified three years after Ye Wenjie told Wang Miao the inside story of Red Coast and provide background information for what she told him.
这批文件的解密时间是叶文洁向汪淼讲述红岸内幕三年之后。
SELECTED DOCUMENTS FROM THE RED COAST PROJECT
红岸工程部分文件。
Saltatory mode: theoretical, fundamental results rapidly become applied technology, leading to a technological leap. Recent examples include the appearance of atomic weapons. Until the forties, some of the foremost physicists still thought it would never be possible to release the energy of the atom. But atomic weapons then appeared within a very short period. We define a technology leap to occur when fundamental science is converted to applied technology across a great span in an extremely brief time interval.
突变型：基础理论成果被迅速转化为实用技术。产生技术突变。最近的例子是核武器的出现，直到四十年代，还有一部分最优秀的物理学家认为释放原子能是永远不可能的事。但核武器在极短的时间内突然出现，基础科学向应用技术的转化跨度极大，时间极短，我们定义为技术突变。
I. A Question Largely Ignored by Trends in Fundamental World Scientific Research (Originally published in Internal Reference, XX/XX/196X)
一、世界基础科学研究趋势中一个被忽略的重要问题（原载《内部参考》196口年口月口日）
Gradualistic mode: theoretical, fundamental results are gradually applied to technology; advances accumulate until they reach a breakthrough. Recent examples include the development of space technology.
渐进型：基础理论成果被逐步转化为应用技术，技术逐渐积累，最后产生突破。最近的例子有宇航技术的发展和突破。
[Abstract] Based on modern and contemporary history, there are two ways in which the results of fundamental scientific research can be converted into practical applications: gradualistic mode and saltatory mode.
【提要】从近代史和现代史上看，科学基础理论研究成果转化为实用技术有两种模式：渐进型和突变型。
[Full Text][omitted]
【全文】略
This article argues that our focus is currently on the gradualistic mode of technology development and insufficient attention is paid to the possibility of technology leaps. Starting from a higher vantage point, we should develop a comprehensive strategy and set of principles so that we can respond appropriately when technological leaps occur.
文章认为，我们目前的目光主要集中在技术的渐进型发展上，而对可能发生的技术突变没有给予足够的重视。应当从战略高度，制定一套完整策略和原则，当技术突变发生时能够正确地应对。
[Instructions from Central Leadership] Distribute this article to appropriate personnel and organize discussion groups. The article’s views will not be to the liking of some, but let’s not rush to label the author. The key is to appreciate the author’s long-term thinking. Some comrades cannot see beyond the ends of their noses, possibly because of the greater political environment, possibly because of their arrogance. This is not good. Strategic blind spots are extremely dangerous.
【批示】将该文印发下去。在适当的范围内组织讨论。文章的观点可能不合一些人的胃口。但不要扣帽子，关键要看作者的长远思考。一些同志现在是一叶障目，有大环境的原因，也有很多人是自以为是。这样不好，战略视野的盲区是危险的。
Currently, both NATO and the Warsaw Pact are intensely active in fundamental research and investing heavily in it. One or more technological leaps can occur at any time. Such an occurrence will pose a major threat to our strategic planning.
目前，北约和华约集团基础研究空前活跃，投入巨大。所以一项或多项技术突变随时都可能发生，这将对我战略规划构成重大威胁。
3. Computer Science: [omitted]
3、计算机科学：【略】
Fields where technological leaps are most likely:
文章列出最有可能发生技术突变的领域：
1. Physics: [omitted]
1、物理学：【略】
2. Biology: [omitted]
2、生物学：【略】
4. The Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence (SETI): Of all fields, this is the one in which the possibility for a technology leap is greatest. If a leap occurs in this field, the impact will exceed the sum of technology leaps in the other three fields.
4、寻找外星文明：这是所有技术突变的可能性中变数最大的领域，极有可能产生突然性的巨大突破，该领域的技术突变一旦发生，其影响力将超过以上三个领域技术突变的总和。
In my view, of the four fields where technology leaps may occur, we have given the least thought to the last one. It’s worth some attention, and we should systematically analyze the matter in depth.
我看文章中提到的四个可能产生技术突变的领域中。最后一个是我们考虑最少的。值得注意，应该系统深入地研究一下。
II. Research Report on the Possibility of Technology Leap Due to the Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence
二、外星文明探索技术突变可能性研究报告
Signed: XXX Date: XX/XX/196X
【签字】口口口 196口年口月口日
(1) The United States and other NATO states: The scientific case and the necessity for SETI are generally accepted, and strong academic support exists.
（1）美国和其他北约国家：外星文明探索的科学性和必要性已得到广泛认可，学术空气浓厚。
Probes: The Pioneer 10 and Pioneer 11 probes, each of which will carry a metal plaque containing information about civilization on Earth, are scheduled for launch in 1972. The Voyager 1 and Voyager 2 probes, each of which will carry a metal audio record, are scheduled for launch in 1977.
同年计划发射先驱者10号和先驱者11号探测器。各携带有一张带有地球文明信息的金属卡；计划于1977年发射了旅行者1号和旅行者2号探测器，将携带金属唱片；
1. Current International Research Trends [Summary]
1、目前国际研究动向【提要】
Project Ozma: In 1960, the National Radio Astronomy Observatory at Green Bank, West Virginia, searched for extraterrestrial intelligence with a radio telescope 26 meters in diameter. The project examined the stars Tau Ceti and Epsilon Eridani for 200 hours using ranges near the 1.420 gigahertz frequency. Project Ozma II, which will involve more targets and a broader frequency range, is planned for 1972.
OZMA计划：1960年，美国西维吉尼亚绿堤国家射电天文台。使用26米直径的射电望远镜探索外星文明，单通道接收，频率1420兆赫，搜索的目标鲸鱼座π星和波江座ε星，搜索时间约200小时；计划于1972年实施OZMAⅡ计划，扩大搜索目标和频率和范围；
The Arecibo Observatory in Puerto Rico: Constructed in 1963, this is an important instrument for SETI. Its effective energy collection area is about 20 acres, which is greater than the sum of the collecting areas of all other radio telescopes in the world. When combined with its computer system, it can simultaneously monitor 65,000 channels and is also capable of ultrahigh-energy transmissions.
1963年，位于波多黎各的阿雷西博望远镜建成，对外星文明探索意义重大，其收集能量的总面积约为20英亩，大于世界上其他一切射电望远镜收集能量的面积总和，与计算机系统配合，可同时监视65000个频道，同时具备超大功率的发射功能。
(2) The Soviet Union: Few sources of intelligence are available, but there are indications that large investments have been made in the field. Compared to NATO countries, the research seems to be more systematic and long term. Based on certain isolated information channels, plans are currently under way to build a global-scale very-long-baseline interferometry (VLBI) aperture-synthesis radio telescope system. Once the system is completed, it will possess the world’s most powerful deep-space exploration capabilities.
（2）苏联：情报信息来源较少，但有迹象表明在该领域投入巨大，与北约国家相比，研究更具系统性和长远规划。从一些零星信息渠道了解到，目前计划建设全球尺度的基于甚长基线干涉技术的综合孔径射电望远镜系统，该系统一旦建成，将具有目前世界上最强的深空探测能力。
2. Preliminary Analysis of Social Patterns of Extraterrestrial Civilizations Using a Materialist Conception of History [omitted]
2、运用唯物史观对外星文明社会形态的初步分析【略】
4. Preliminary Analysis of the Influence on Current International Patterns Due to Possible Contact with Extraterrestrial Civilizations
4、与外星文明可能的接触对当前世界格局产生的影响的初步分析
3. Preliminary Analysis of the Influence of Extraterrestrial Civilizations on Human Social and Political Trends [omitted]
3、外星文明对人类社会政治倾向的初步分析【略】
5. The Danger and Consequences of Superpowers Making Initial Contact with Extraterrestrial Intelligence and Monopolizing Such Contact
5、超级大国首先与外星文明接触并垄断接触的危险和后果
(1) Unidirectional contact (only receiving messages sent by extraterrestrial intelligence): [omitted]
（1）单向接触（仅接收外星文明已发出的信息）【略】
(2) Bidirectional contact (exchange of messages with extraterrestrial intelligence and direct contact): [omitted]
（2）双向接触（与外星文明发生交流和直接接触）【略】
(1) Analysis of consequences of American Imperialists and NATO making initial contact with extraterrestrial intelligence and monopolizing such contact: [still classified]
（1）美帝及北约集团首先与外星文明接触并垄断接触的后果分析【未解密】
[Instructions from Central Leadership] Others have already sent their messages out into space. It’s dangerous if extraterrestrials only hear their voices. We should speak up as well. Only then will they get a complete picture of human society. It’s not possible to get the truth by only listening to one side. We must make this happen, and quickly.
【批示】简报已阅。人家己经向地球外面喊话了。外星社会只听到一个声音是危险的。我们也应该发出自己的声音，这样它们听到的才是人类社会完整的声音，偏听则暗兼听则明嘛。这个事情要做，要快做。
(2) Analysis of consequences of Soviet Revisionists and Warsaw Pact making initial contact with extraterrestrial intelligence and monopolizing such contact: [still classified]
（2）苏修及华约集团首先与外星文明接触并垄断接触的后果分析【未解密】
Topic Serial Number: 3760, Code Name: “Red Coast”
课题序号：3760；国防代号：红岸
To search for the possible existence of extraterrestrial intelligence and to attempt contact and exchange.
搜索可能存在的外星文明，并尝试建立联系和交流。
Signed: XXX Date: XX/XX/196X
【签字】口口口 196口年口月口日
TOP SECRET, Number of Copies: 2, Summary Document: Central Document Number XXXXXX, forwarded to the Commission for Science, Technology, and Industry for National Defense, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, and the Central Planning Commission, Department of National Defense; disseminated at the XXXXXX Conference and the XXXXXX Conference; partially disseminated at the XXXXXX Conference.
绝密，原件副本数：2；内容提要形成文件：中发口字口口口文，转发国防科工委、中国科学院相关部门，转发中计委国防司，并在口口口口口口口会议和口口口口口口口口口口会议传达。在口口口口口口口口口口会议部分传达。
2. Theoretical Study of the Red Coast Project
2、红岸工程理论研究【提要〕
III. Research Report on the Initial Phase of the Red Coast Project (XX/XX/196X)
三、红岸工程前期研究报告（196口年口月口日）
(1) Searching and Monitoring
（1）搜索监听
1. Goal [Summary]
1、总纲【提要】
Monitoring target range: a sphere centered around Earth with a radius of 1,000 light-years, containing approximately 20 million stars. For a list of targets, please see Appendix 1.
监听目标范围：1000光年半径，恒星数约2000万颗。目标清单见附件1
Monitoring frequency range: 1,000 MHz to 40,000 MHz, Monitoring channels: 15,000, Key frequencies to monitor: Hydrogen atom frequency at 1,420 MHz, Hydroxyl radical radiation frequency at 1,667 MHz, Water molecule radiation frequency at 22,000 MHz
监听频率范围：1000兆赫至40000兆赫，监听频道数：15000；重点监测：氢原子颇率1420兆赫、羟基分子辐射频率1667兆赫、水分子辐射频率22000兆赫。
(2) Message Transmission
（2）信息发送
Transmission targets: a sphere centered around Earth with a radius of 200 light-years, containing approximately 100,000 stars. For a list of targets, please see Appendix 2.
发送目标：1000光年半径。恒星数约10万颗。目标清单见附件2
(3) Development of the Red Coast Self-Interpreting Code System
（3）红岸自解译系统的研制
Transmission frequencies: 2,800 MHz, 12,000 MHz, 22,000 MHz
发送频率：2800兆赫、12000兆赫、22000兆赫
Using the elemental code above and supplemented with low-resolution images, gradually build up to a full linguistic system. Languages supported: Chinese and Esperanto.
以上述元码系为基础，辅以低分辨图形示例，逐步建立语言体系，语种：汉语、世界语。
Guiding principle: using universal, basic mathematical and physical laws, construct an elemental linguistic code that can be understood by any civilization that has mastered basic algebra, Euclidean geometry, and the laws of classical mechanics (nonrelativistic physics).
引导部分：以宇宙间通用的基本数学和物理原理，建立一个基本的语言元码系，能够被任何掌握了基本代数、基本欧氏几何和基本低速物理学定律的文明所理解。
Transmission power: 10-25 megawatts
发送功率：10～25兆瓦
The entire system’s information content should be 680 KB. Transmission times at the 2,800 MHz, 12,000 MHz, and 22,000 MHz channels are 1,183 minutes, 224 minutes, and 132 minutes respectively.
系统整体信息量为680KB，在2800兆赫、120000兆赫、22000兆赫波段上的发送时间分别为1183分钟、224分钟和132分钟。
3. Implementation Plan for the Red Coast Project
3、红岸工程实施方案
(2) Preliminary Design for the Red Coast Transmission System [still classified]
（2）红岸信息发送系统初步设计方案【未解密】
Overview of Earth (3.1 KB), overview of life on Earth (4.4 KB), overview of human society (4.6 KB), basic world history (5.4 KB). Total information content: 17.5 KB.
地球行星概况（3.1KB）、地球生命系统概况（4.4KB）、人类社会概况（4.6KB）、世界历史基本信息（5.4KB），全部信息量为17.5KB。
(1) Preliminary Design for the Red Coast Monitoring and Searching System [still classified]
（l）红岸搜索监听系统初步设计方案【未解密】
(4) Preliminary Thoughts on the Formation of Red Coast Force from within the Second Artillery Corps [still classified]
（4）组建第二炮兵红岸部队的初步构想【未解密】
(3) Preliminary Site-Selection Plan for Red Coast Base [omitted]
（3）红岸搜索监听基地和信息发送基地选址初步方案【略】
The message will be carefully vetted by a multidisciplinary review to ensure that it will not give away the Earth’s coordinates relative to the Milky Way. Among the three channels, transmission at the higher-frequency 12,000 MHz and 22,000 MHz channels should be minimized to reduce the likelihood that the source of transmission may be precisely ascertained.
发送信息应通过多学科严格审查，确保不会包含任何太阳系在银河系中的坐标信息。在三个发射频率中，尽量减少12000兆赫、22000兆赫的高频段发射。以减小被定位的可能性。
4. Content of Message Transmitted by Red Coast [Summary]
4、红岸信息发送内容【提要】
The entire message will be sent after transmitting the self-interpreting code system. Transmission times of message at the 2,800 MHz, 12,000 MHz, and 22,000 MHz channels are 31 minutes, 7.5 minutes, and 3.5 minutes, respectively.
全部信息在自译解系统之后发射，在2280兆赫、12000兆赫、22000兆赫波段上的发送时间分别为31分钟、7.5分钟和3.5分钟。
IV. Message to Extraterrestrial Civilizations
四、对外星文明发送的信件
First Draft [Complete Text]
第一稿【全文】
Attention, you who have received this message! This message was sent out by a country that represents revolutionary justice on Earth! Before this, you may have already received other messages sent from the same direction. Those messages were sent by an imperialist superpower on this planet. That superpower is struggling against another superpower for world domination so that it can drag human history backwards. We hope you will not listen to their lies. Stand with justice, stand with the revolution!
收到以上信息的世界请注意。你们收到的信息，是地球上代表革命正义的国家发出的！这之前，你们可能已经收到了来自同样方向的信息，那是地球上的一个帝国主义超级大国发出的，这个国家与地球上的另一个超级大国争夺世界霸权，企图把人类历史拉向倒退。希望你们不要听信他们的谎言，站在正义的一方，站在革命的一方！
[Instructions from Central Leadership] This is utter crap! It’s enough to put up big-character posters27 everywhere on the ground, but we should not send them into space. The Cultural Revolution leadership should no longer have any involvement with Red Coast. Such an important message must be composed carefully. It’s probably best to have it drafted by a special committee and then discussed and approved by a meeting of the Politburo.
【批示】已阅，狗屁不通！大字报在地上贴就行了，不要发到天上去，文革领导组今后不要介入红岸。这样重要的信件应郑重起草，最好成立一个专门小组，并在政治局会议上讨论通过。
Signed: XXX Date: XX/XX/196X
【签字】口口口 196口年口月口日
We extend our best wishes to you, inhabitants of another world.
向收到该信息的世界致以美好的祝愿。
Second Draft [omitted]
第二稿【略】
Fourth Draft [Complete Text]
第四稿【全文】
After reading the following message, you should have a basic understanding of civilization on Earth. By dint of long toil and creativity, the human race has built a splendid civilization, blossoming with a multitude of diverse cultures. We have also begun to understand the laws governing the natural world and the development of human societies. We cherish all that we have accomplished.
通过以下信息。你们将对地球文明有了一个基本的了解。人类经过漫长的劳动和创造，建立了灿烂的文明，涌现出丰富多彩的文化，并初步了解了自然界和人类社会运行发展的规律，我们珍视这一切。
Third Draft [omitted]
第三稿【略】
But our world is still flawed. Hate exists, as does prejudice and war. Because of conflicts between the forces of production and the relations of production, wealth distribution is extremely uneven, and large portions of humanity live in poverty and misery.
但我们的世界仍有很大缺陷，存在着仇恨、偏见和战争，由于生产力和生产关系的矛盾，财富的分布严重不均，相当部分的人类成员生活在贫困和苦难之中。。
Human societies are working hard to resolve the difficulties and problems they face, striving to create a better future for Earth civilization. The country that sent this message is engaged in this effort. We are dedicated to building an ideal society, where the labor and value of every member of the human race are fully respected, where everyone’s material and spiritual needs are fully met, so that civilization on Earth may become more perfect.
人类社会正在努力解决自己面临的各种困难和问题，努力为地球文明创造一个美好的未来。发送该信息的国家所从事的奉业就是这种努力的一部分。我们致力于建立一个理想的社会，使每个人类成员的劳动和价值都得到充分的尊重，使所有人的物质和精神需要都得到充分的满足，使地球文明成为一个更加完美的文明
V. Related Policies and Strategies
五、相关政策与战略
1. Consideration of Policies and Strategies After Reception of Message from Extraterrestrial Intelligence [omitted]
1、接收到外星文明信息后的政策与战略研究【略】
2. Consideration of Policies and Strategies After Establishing Contact with Extraterrestrial Intelligence [omitted]
2、与外星文明建立联系后的政策与战略研究【略】
Signed: XXX Date: XX/XX/196X
【签字】口口口 196口年口月口日
How wonderful it will be if the universe really contains other intelligences and other societies! Bystanders have the clearest view. Someone truly neutral will then be able to comment on whether we’re the heroes or villains of history.
如果宇宙中真的还有其他的人和社会，那也很好嘛，旁观者清，千秋功罪，可真的有人评说了。
With the best of intentions, we look forward to establishing contact with other civilized societies in the universe. We look forward to working together with you to build a better life in this vast universe.
我们怀着美好的愿望，期待着与宇宙中其他文明社会建立联系。期待着与你们一起，在广阔的宇宙中创造更加美好的生活。
[Instructions from Central Leadership] It’s important to take the time out of our busy schedules to do something entirely unrelated to our immediate needs. This project has allowed us to give some thought to issues we have never had time for. Indeed, we can think through them only when we take a sufficiently high vantage point. This alone is enough to justify the Red Coast Project.
【批示】百忙之中下一步闲棋是很有必要的，这个工程让我们想到很多以前没空想的事。这些事只有站到一个新的高度上才能想得通，就这点而言。红岸已经具有很大的意义了。
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