Today, I am still challenged on the idea of a house not being an asset. And I know that for many people, it is their dream as well as their largest investment. And owning your own home is better than nothing. I simply offer an alternate way of looking at this popular dogma. If my wife and I were to buy a bigger, more flashy house we realize it would not be an asset, it would be a liability, since it would take money out of our pocket.
今天，我仍在向房子是资产的观念挑战。我知道对许多人来说，房子是他们的梦想和最大投资，而且有自己的房子总比什么都没有强，但我仍想用另一种思想来替代这一教条。我妻子和我也喜欢大而时髦的房子，但我们知道那不是一项资产，由于它使钱从我们口袋中流出去，所以它是一项负债。
So here is the argument I put forth. I really do not expect most people to agree with it because a nice home is an emotional thing. And when it comes to money, high emotions tend to lower financial intelligence. 1 know from personal experience that money has a way of making every decision emotional.
因此我提出这个论点。我并不想让所有人都同意我的观点，因为房子毕竟是人们感情的寄托。此外，对于钱的热衷会降低财务方面的理智，我的个人经历告诉我，钱能使决策变得情绪化。
2. Even though people receive a tax deduction for interest on mortgage payments, they pay for all their other expenses with after-tax dollars. Even after they pay off their mortgage.
2、即使人们从住房抵押贷款的利息中得到了免税的好处，他们还是要先还清各期贷款后，才能以税后收入支付各种开支。
1. When it comes to houses, I point out that most people work all their lives paying for a home they never own. In other words, most people buy a new house every so many years, each time incurring a new 30-year loan to pay off the previous one.
1、对于房子，我要指出大多数人一生都在为一所他们并未真正拥有的房子而辛苦地工作。换句话说，大多数人每隔几年就买所新房子，每次都用一份新的30年期的贷款偿还上一笔的贷款。
4 Houses do not always go up in value. In 1997, I still have friends who owe a million dollars for a home that will today sell for only $700,000.
4、房子的价值并不总是上升。1997年，我的一位朋友有所价值1百万美元的房子，而今天他的这所房子只值70万美元了。
3. Property taxes. My wife’s parents were shocked when the property taxes on their home went to $1,000 a month. This was after they had retired, so the increase put a strain on their retirement budget, and they felt forced to move.
3、财产税。我妻子的父母每月要为他们的房子交纳高达100O美元的财产税，这是他们退休后要交的一项税款，这种税赋使他们的日子很紧张，他们时常感到要被迫搬离了。
5. The greatest losses of all are those from missed opportunities. If all your money is tied up in your house, you may be forced to work harder because your money continues blowing out of the expense column, instead of adding to the asset column, the classic middle class cash flow pattern. If a young couple would put more money into their asset column early on, their later years would get easier, especially as they prepared to send their children to college. Their assets would have grown and would be available to help cover expenses. All too often, a house only serves as a vehicle for incurring a home-equity loan to pay for mounting expenses.
5、最大的损失是机会损失。如果你所有的钱都被投在了房子上，你就不得不努力工作，因为你的现金正不断地从支出项流出，而不是流人资产项，这是典型的中产阶级现金流模式。正确的做法应该是怎样的呢？如果一对年轻夫妇早点在他们的资产项中多投些钱，以后几年他们就会过得轻松些，尤其是他们准备把孩子送人大学的话。因为资产项中的投资会使他们的资产不断增加，自动弥补支出。而先投资买下一所大房子的做法只不过是取得抵押贷款以支付不断攀升的开支，其结果不过是拆了东墙补西墙。
In summary, the end result in making a decision to own a house that is too expensive in lieu of starting an investment portfolio early on impacts an individual in at least the following three ways:
总之，决定拥有很昂贵的房子，而不是早早地开始证券投资，将对一个人的财务生活在以下三个方面形成冲击：
1. Loss of time, during which other assets could have grown in value.
1、失去了用其他资产增值的时机。
3. Loss of education. Too often, people count their house, savings and retirement plan as all they have in their asset column. Because they have no money to invest, they simply do not invest. This costs them investment experience. Most never become what the investment world calls a “sophisticated investor.” And the best investments are usually first sold to “sophisticated investors,” who then turn around and sell them to the people playing it safe. I am not saying don’t buy a house. I am saying, understand the difference between an asset and a liability. When I want a bigger house, I first buy assets that will generate the cash flow to pay for the house.
3、失去受教育机会。人们经常把他们的房子、储蓄和退休金计划列入他们的资产项目。因为他们无钱投资，所以也就不去投资，这就使他们无法获得投资经验，并永远不会成为投资界认可的“成熟投资者”。而最好的投资机会往往都是先给那些“成熟投资者”，再由他们转手给那些谨小慎微的人的，当然，在转手时他们已经拿走了绝大部分的利益。
2. Loss of additional capital, which could have been invested instead of paying for high-maintenance expenses related directly to the home.
2、本可以用来投资的资本将用于支付房子的各种高额、长期开支。
Income -> Assets -> More Income
工资 → 更多资产 → 更多收入
Educated Dad’s Financial Statement
我那受过良好教育的爸爸的财务状况：
My rich dad’s personal financial statement, on the other hand, reflects the results of a life dedicated to investing and minimizing liabilities:
我富爸爸的财务表反应其一生专注于投资和缩小债务的事实：
Income > Expense
收入 > 支出
Rich Dad’s Financial Statement
富爸爸的财务状况：
The following picture is worth a thousand words:
一图胜前言：
Income = Expense
收入 = 支出
Asset > Liability
资产>负债
Why the Rich Get Richer
富人为何越来越富
The result being: The rich get richer!
其结果是：富人越来越富！
Expenses are low, Liabilities are low
支出越少，债务越少
A review of my rich dad’s financial statement is why the rich get richer. The asset column generates more than enough income to cover expenses, with the balance reinvested into the asset column. The asset column continues to grow and, therefore, the income it produces grows with it.
富爸爸的财务报表还说明了为什么富人会越来越富。资产项目产生的收入远可弥补支出，并且可以用剩余收入对资产方进行再投资。随着投资的积累，资产会越来越多，相应地收入也就越来越多，从而形成良性循环。
Asset < Liability
资产 < 债务
My educated dad’s personal financial statement best demonstrates the life of someone in the rat race. His expenses seem to always keep up with his income, never allowing him to invest in assets. As a result, his liabilities, such as his mortgage and credit card debts are larger than his assets.
我那受过教育的爸爸的财务状况，最好地说明了过着“老鼠赛跑”式生活的人的经济状况。他们总是量人为出，根本没可能去投资。结果，他们的负债，比如抵押贷款、信用卡贷款总是比他们的资产还多。
Income goes up, Expenses go up
收入增加，支出同样增加
The middle class finds itself in a constant state of financial struggle. Their primary-income is through wages, and as their wages increase, so do their taxes. Their expenses tend to increase in equal increments as their wages increase; hence the phrase “the rat race.” They treat their home as their primary asset, instead on investing in income-producing assets.
中产阶级发现自己总是在财务问题上挣扎，原因何在呢？中产阶级的主要收入是工资，而当工资增加的时候，税收也就增加了，更重要的是他们的支出倾向也随着收入的增加而同等增加。 他们把房子作为主要资产反复进行投资，而不是投资于那些能带来收人的真正的资产上。
Assets do not increase, Liabilities do increase
资产没有增加，但是债务增加了
Why the Middle Class Struggle
为什么中产阶级总在挣扎
This pattern of treating your home as an investment and the philosophy that a pay raise means you can buy a larger home or spend more is the foundation of today’s debt-ridden society. This process of increased spending throws families into greater debt and into more financial uncertainty, even though they may be advancing in their jobs and receiving pay raises on a regular basis. This is high risk living caused by weak financial education.
这种把房子当资产的想法和那种认为钱越多就能买更大的房子或消费得更多的理财哲学就是形成今天债台高筑的社会的基础。过多的支出把家庭拖入到债务和财务不确定性的旋涡之中，这种情形甚至发生在人们工作成绩优秀和收入固定增长的时候，而这种高风险的生活正是由于缺乏财务知识教育所造成的。
The massive loss of jobs in the 1990s — the downsizing of businesses — has brought to light how shaky the middle class really is financially. Suddenly, company pension plans are being replaced by 401k plans. Social Security is obviously in trouble and cannot be looked at as a source for retirement. Panic has sei in for the middle class. The good thing today is that many of these people have recognized these issues and have begun buying mutual funds. This increase in investing is largely responsible for the huge rally we have seen in the stock market. Today, there are more and more mutual funds being created to answer the demand by the middle class.
90年代经济不景气，人们大量失业，就已经表明了中产阶级的财务状况是多么脆弱。公司养老金计划突然被“401K计划”所替代，社会保障体系明显地陷入困境，不能再成为退休后的生活来源，恐慌在中产阶级中产生。而今天来看这倒是件好事，许多人意识到这个问题并开始购买共同基金，投资增长在很大程度上带动了股市的渐渐复苏，并且越来越多的共同基金被创立以满足中产阶级的投资需要。
This group of educated middle class subscribes to the “diversify” dogma put out by mutual fund brokers and financial planners. Play it safe. Avoid risk.
这些受过教育的中产阶级赞成基金管理人提出的‘’风险分散“的说法，他们想安全运作，避开风险。
Mutual funds are popular because they represent safety. Average mutual fund buyers are too busy working to pay taxes and mortgages, save for their children’s college and pay off credit cards. They do not have time to study to learn how to invest, so they rely on the expertise of the manager of a mutual fund. Also, because the mutual fund includes many different types of investments, they feel their money is safer because ii is “diversified.”
共同基金因其风险小而大受欢迎。一般的基金购买人因为忙着去支付税款和贷款、储蓄孩子上大学的费用、偿还信用卡等，根本无暇去研究如何投资，所以他们依赖于共同基金的管理专家来帮助他们投资。而且，因为共同基金投资多个项目，使他们感到风险被“分散化”了。
The real tragedy is that the lack of early financial education is what creates the risk faced by average middle class people. The reason they have to play it safe is because their financial positions are tenuous at best. Their balance sheets are not balanced. They are loaded with liabilities, with no real assets that generate income. Typically, their only source of income is their paycheck. Their livelihood becomes entirely dependent on their employer.
但真正的原因仍在于早年缺乏必要的财务知识教育，这也是普通中产阶级被迫回避风险的原因。他们必须安全操作，因为他们的经济地位虚弱：他们的资产负债表从未平衡过，承担着大量债务而且没有能够产生收入的真实资产。他们的收入来源只是工资，生活完全依赖于他们的雇主。
As I said at the start of this section, the most important rule is to know the difference between an asset and a liability. Once you understand the difference, concentrate your efforts on only buying income-generating assets. That’s the best way to get started on a path to becoming rich. Keep doing that, and your asset column will grow. Focus on keeping liabilities and expenses down. This will make more money available to continue pouring into the asset column. Soon, the asset base will be so deep that you can afford to look at more speculative investments. Investments that may have returns of 100 percent to infinity. Investments that for $5,000 are soon turned into $1 million or more. Investments that the middle class calls “too risky”. The investment is not risky. It’s the lack of simple financial intelligence, beginning with financial literacy, that causes the individual to be “too risky”.
正如我在本部分开始时所说的，最重要的规则是弄清资产与负债之间的差别。一旦你明白了这种差别，你就会尽力去只买入能带来收入的资产，这是你走上致富之路的最好办法。不断地这样做，你的资产就会不断增加。同时还要注意降低你的负债和支出，这会让你有更多的钱投入资产项。很快，钱会多到可以让你进行一些投机性的投资了，这些投资能产生从100％到无限的回报，5000美元的投资很快就能翻到1百万或更多。这种中产阶级称为“太冒险”的投资实际上并无风险，只是因为你缺乏某些很重要的财务知识而不知道究竟该怎样去看待这些投资机会。只要你拥有足够的财务知识，你就不必害怕去“冒险”。
So when genuine “deals of a lifetime” come along, those same people cannot take advantage of the opportunity. They must play it safe, simply because they are working so hard, are taxed to the max, and are loaded with debt.
所以当名副其实的“关系一生的机会”来临时，这些人无法抓住机会，他们必须保证安全，因为他们负担着高额的税和债务。
Income = Work for Owner
收入 = 给老板干活
If you do what the masses do, you get the following picture.
如果你跟别人都一样，你的结果就会如下图：
Expense = Work for Government
支出 = 给政府干活
Liability = Work for Bank
债务=给银行干活
As an employee who is also a homeowner, your working efforts are generally as follows:
作为一个自己有房子的雇员，你努力工作的结果如下：
2. You work for the government. The government takes its share from your paycheck before you even see it. By working harder, you simply increase the amount of taxes taken by the government — most people work from January to May just for the government.
2、你为政府工作。政府在你还未看见工资时就已拿走了一部分，努力工作只是使政府的税收增加。大多数人都在为政府工作。
The problem with simply working harder is that each of these three levels takes a greater share of your increased efforts. You need to learn how to have your increased efforts benefit you and your family directly.
问题是如果你只懂得工作努力，上面三方从你那儿拿走的劳动成果也就会越多。你需要学会怎样才能使你的努力更多地、更直接地为你和你的家人带来益处。
Asset = (none)
资产 =（零）
1. You work for someone else. Most people, working for a paycheck, are making the owner, or the shareholders richer. Your efforts and success will help provide for the owner’s success and retirement.
1、你为别人工作。如大多数人为工资而工作一样，你的努力使雇主或股东致富，你的工作和成功将使雇主成功并且可以提早退休。
3. You work for the bank. After taxes, your next largest expense is usually your mortgage and credit card debt.
3、你为银行工作。缴税后，你的下一笔最大支出该是偿还抵押贷款和信用卡贷款了。
Unlike net worth — the difference between your assets and liabilities, which is often filled with a person’s expensive junk and opinions of what things are worth — this definition creates the possibility for developing a truly accurate measurement. I could now measure and really know where I was in terms of my goal to become financially independent.
不像净资产被定义为资产和负债间的差额那样，尽管这种定义常常充斥于人们关于支出的废话以及关于某物值多少钱的观点中。财富的这一定义为发展一种新的真实准确的衡量方法创造了可能性，现在我能衡量并且的确知道我经济独立的目标已实现到哪一步了。
Once you have decided to concentrate on minding your own business, how do you set your goals? For most people, they must keep their profession and rely on their wages to fund their acquisition of assets.
一旦你决定把精力集中于创建自己的事业，你该怎样确立目标呢？对大多数人而言，他们的目标是保住他们的职业并依赖工资取得他们想要的资产。
As their assets grow, how do they measure the extent of their success? When does someone realize that they are rich, that they have wealth? As well as having my own definitions for assets and liabilities, I also have my own definition for wealth. Actually I borrowed it from a man named Buckminster Fuller. Some call him a quack, and others call him a living genius. Years ago he got all the architects buzzing because he applied for a patent in 1961 for something called a geodesic dome. But in the application, Fuller also said something about wealth. It was pretty confusing at first, but after reading it for awhile, it began to make some sense: Wealth is a person’s ability to survive so many number of days forward… or if I stopped working today, how long could I survive?
随着资产的增加，他们应怎样衡量自己的成功呢？何时他们才能意识到他们是富人且拥有财富？如同我有自己的资产和负债定义一样，我也有自己对于财富的定义。实际上这是我从一个名叫巴克敏斯特。菲莱的人那儿借用的。有人把他叫作骗子，而另一些人则称他为天才，几年前围绕他在建筑业有不少的流言。他在1961年曾申请了一种圆顶结构专利，在申请中，菲莱讲了一些关于“财富”的话。起初这个定义的确令人迷惑，但是读过后，你就开始有感觉了。他是这样定义的：财富就是支持一个人生存多长时间的能力，或者说如果我今天停止工作，我还能活多久？
Let’s use an example. Let’s say I have cash flow from my asset column of S”J,000 a month. And I have monthly expenses of 52,000. What is my wealth?
让我们来看个例子。比如说我的资产每月可产生1000美元，可我每月却要支出2000美元，那我还有什么财富可言呢？
Wealth is the measure of the cash flow from the asset column compared with the expense column.
财富是将资产项下产生的现金流与支出项下流出的现金流进行比较而定的。
Although net worth often includes these non-cash-producing assets, like stuff you bought that now sits in your garage, wealth measures how much money your money is making and, therefore, your financial survivability.
净资产通常包括那些非现金资产，就像你买回后堆在车库里的材料。财富则衡量你的钱正在挣多少钱，以及你的财务生存能力。
Let’s go back to Buckminster Fuller’s definition. Using his definition, how many days forward can I survive? And let’s assume a 30-day month. By that definition, I have enough cash flow for half a month.
让我们回到巴克敏斯特。菲莱的定义，用他的定义，我还能活几天呢？假定一个月30天，按这个定义，我只能活半个月。
When I have achieved $2,000 a month cash flow from my assets, then I will be wealthy.
当我每月从资产项可得2000美元时，那我就有财富了。
So I am not yet rich, but I am wealthy. I now have income generated from assets each month that fully cover my monthly expenses. If I want to increase my expenses, I first must increase my cash flow from assets to maintain this level of wealth. Take notice that it is at this point that I no longer am dependent on my wages. I have focused on and been successful in building an asset column that has made me financially independent. If I quit my job today, I would be able to cover my monthly expenses with the cash flow from my assets.
当然我并不富有，可我有财富了。现在每个月我从资产项得到的现金流与支出等量。 如果我想增加支出，我首先必须增加资产项产生的现金流来维持我的财富水平。注意，这时我不再依赖工资，如果我辞职了，我每月还能用资产项产生的现金流维持支出，也就是说我仍能够生存。
My next goal would be to have the excess cash flow from my assets reinvested into the asset column. The more money that goes into my asset column, the more my asset column grows. The more my assets grow, the more my cash flow grows. And as long as I keep my expenses less than the cash flow from these assets, I will grow richer, with more and more income from sources other than my physical labor.
我的下个目标是从资产中得到多余现金再进行投资。流入资产项的钱越多，资产就增加得越快；资产增加得越快，现金流入得就越多。只要我把支出控制在资产所能够产生的现金流之下，我就会变富，就会有越来越多除我自身劳动力收入之外的其他收入来源。
As this reinvestment process continues, I am well on my way to being rich. The actual definition of rich is in the eye of the beholder. You can never be too rich.
随着这种再投资过程的不断延续，我最终走上了致富之路。每个人对富有的定义都不同，没人会嫌自己太富了。
Just remember this simple observation: The rich buy assets. The poor only have expenses. The middle class buys liabilities they think are assets. So how do I start minding my own business? What is the answer? Listen to the founder of McDonald’s.
请记住下面这些话：富人买入资产；穷人只有支出；中产阶级买他们以为是资产的负债。 那么我该怎样开始我的事业呢？请听麦当劳的创立者怎么说吧。
For instance, this is the cash flow pattern of a poor person, or a young person still at home:
举例来说，下面是一个穷人或者一个赋闲在家的年轻人的现金流模式：
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