Young people who are digital natives are indeed becoming more skillful at separating fact from fiction in cyberspace. A Knight Foundation focus-group survey of young people between ages 14and24 found they use “distributed trust” to verify stories. They cross-check sources and prefer news from different perspectives-especially those that are open about any bias. “Many young people assume a great deal of personal responsibility for educating themselves and actively seeking out opposing viewpoints,” the survey concluded.
身为数字土着的年轻人的确在网络空间中将事实与虚构分离的技巧确实更加熟练。Knight基金会针对14至24岁年轻人的焦点小组调查发现，他们使用‘分布式信任’来验证故事。他们交叉检查消息来源，并从不同的角度来看新闻，特别是那些对任何偏见持开放态度的消息。调查总结说：“许多年轻人在教育自己和积极寻求反对意见方面承担了很大的个人责任。
Most Americans rely on social media to check daily headlines. Yet as distrust has risen toward all media, people may be starting to beef up their media literacy skills. Such a trend is badly needed. During the 2016 presidential campaign, nearly a quarter of web content shared by Twitter users in the politically critical state of Michigan was fake news, according to the University of Oxford. And a survey conducted for Buzz Feed News found 44 percent of Facebook users rarely or never trust news from the media giant.
大多数美国人依靠社交媒体来检查每日头条新闻。然而，随着对所有媒体的不信任，人们可能开始提高媒体素养。这种趋势是非常需要的。根据牛津大学的统计，在2016年总统竞选期间，密歇根州政治危机状态的Twitter用户分享的近四分之一的网络内容是假消息。而对BuzzFeed新闻进行的一项调查发现，44%的Facebook用户很少或从不相信媒体巨头的消息。
A new survey by Harvard University finds more than two-thirds of young Americans disapprove of President Trump’s use of Twitter. The implication is that Millennials prefer news from the White House to be filtered through other source, Not a president’s social media platform.
哈佛大学的一项新调查发现，超过三分之二的年轻美国人不赞成特朗普总统使用Twitter。其含义是，千禧一代喜欢白宫的消息通过其他渠道过滤，而不是总统的社交媒体平台。
Such active research can have another effect. A 2014 survey conducted in Australia, Britain, and the United States by the University of Wisconsin-Madison found that young people’s reliance on social media led to greater political engagement.
这种积极的研究可以有另一个效果。威斯康星大学麦迪逊分校在2014年对澳大利亚，英国和美国进行的调查发现，年轻人对社交媒体的依赖导致了更多的政治参与。
So when young people are critical of an over-tweeting president, they reveal a mental discipline in thinking skills — and in their choices on when to share on social media.
因此，当年轻人批评总裁过度推特时，他们在思维技能方面表现出一种心理规范 —— 并且选择何时分享社交媒体。
Social media allows users to experience news events more intimately and immediately while also permitting them to re-share news as a projection of their values and interests. This forces users to be more conscious of their role in passing along information. A survey by Barna research group found the top reason given by Americans for the fake news phenomenon is “reader error,” more so than made-up stories or factual mistakes in reporting. About a third say the problem of fake news lies in “misinterpretation or exaggeration of actual news” via social media. In other words, the choice to share news on social media may be the heart of the issue. “This indicates there is a real personal responsibility in counteracting this problem,” says Roxanne Stone, editor in chief at Barna Group.
社交媒体可以让用户更亲密和立即地体验新闻事件，同时也允许他们重新分享新闻，作为他们价值观和兴趣的投影。这迫使用户更加意识到他们在传递信息方面的作用。巴尔纳研究小组的一项调查发现，美国人为假新闻现象提供的最主要原因是‘读者错误’，而不是编造的故事或报道中的事实错误。大约三分之一的人认为虚假新闻的问题在于通过社交媒体‘误解或夸大实际新闻’。换句话说，在社交媒体上分享新闻的选择可能是问题的核心。Barna Group主编Roxanne Stone表示：“这表明在解决这个问题方面有真正的个人责任。”
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